Languages Overview¶

Sitting Duck supports 27 programming languages with full semantic analysis.

Supported Languages¶

Category	Languages
Web	JavaScript, TypeScript, HTML, CSS
Systems	C, C++, Go, Rust, Zig
Scripting	Python, Ruby, PHP, Lua, R, Bash
Enterprise	Java, C#, Kotlin, Swift
Mobile	Dart
Infrastructure	HCL (Terraform), JSON, TOML, GraphQL
Documentation	SQL, Markdown

Language Detection¶

Languages are automatically detected from file extensions:

Extension(s)	Language
`.py`	Python
`.js`, `.jsx`	JavaScript
`.ts`, `.tsx`	TypeScript
`.java`	Java
`.go`	Go
`.rs`	Rust
`.c`, `.h`	C
`.cpp`, `.hpp`, `.cc`, `.cxx`	C++
`.cs`	C#
`.rb`	Ruby
`.php`	PHP
`.swift`	Swift
`.kt`, `.kts`	Kotlin
`.lua`	Lua
`.r`, `.R`	R
`.dart`	Dart
`.zig`	Zig
`.sql`	SQL
`.md`, `.markdown`	Markdown
`.html`, `.htm`	HTML
`.css`	CSS
`.json`	JSON
`.sh`, `.bash`	Bash
`.tf`, `.hcl`, `.tfvars`	HCL
`.graphql`, `.gql`	GraphQL
`.toml`	TOML

Query Available Languages¶

SELECT language, extensions
FROM ast_supported_languages()
ORDER BY language;

Language Features¶

All languages include:

Tree-sitter parsing - Fast, accurate parsing with error recovery
Semantic type mapping - Universal semantic categories
Name extraction - Identifier and symbol extraction
Native context - Language-specific semantic analysis

Most languages include semantic refinements:

Refinement	Description
Function types	Regular, lambda, constructor, getter/setter, async
Variable types	Mutable, immutable, parameter, field
Class types	Regular, abstract, enum, struct
Control flow	Binary, multiway, ternary, iterator, conditional

Override Language Detection¶

-- Force a specific language
SELECT * FROM read_ast('script.txt', 'python');

-- Parse as different language
SELECT * FROM read_ast('Makefile', 'bash');

Language-Specific Details¶

Each category doc includes: - Extraction Quality Ratings - Star ratings for functions, classes, calls, variables, body detection - Implementation Notes - How extraction works for each language - Known Limitations - Current gaps and workarounds - Examples - SQL queries for common tasks

Category	Doc	Languages
Web	web.md	JavaScript, TypeScript, HTML, CSS
Systems	systems.md	C, C++, Go, Rust, Zig
Scripting	scripting.md	Python, Ruby, PHP, Lua, R, Bash
Enterprise & Mobile	enterprise.md	Java, C#, Kotlin, Swift, Dart
Infrastructure	infrastructure.md	HCL, JSON, TOML, GraphQL

See also: Native Extraction Semantics for detailed field semantics across languages.